Requirements to donor
Donor – is a person who gives his blood and with this grants a health to a sick person and life to a dying one. According to Article 203 of the Code "On the health of the people and the health care system," virtually any healthy person over 18 years of age who has undergone a corresponding medical examination and who has no contraindications, who volunteered to donate blood and its components for medical purposes, can become a donor.
What you need to know before donating blood:
On the basis of the order of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Republic of Kazakhstan, donors are accepted only if there are documents proving their identity or a document of military registration for conscripts. Donors can be persons who have reached the age of 18. The weight of the donor must be at least 55 kg.
In the days of donation and the day of donating blood and its components it is not recommended for donors:
- to eat fatty, fried, spicy, smoked, dairy products.
- to drink alcohol for two days before the procedure.
- to take aspirin, analgin, other drugs containing analgesics, three days before the procedure.
- to smoke less than an hour before the procedure.
The donor is obliged to inform the known information about all existing or previously transferred diseases, as well as about the use of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors.
A donor can donate blood for free or for a fee. Before giving blood, the donor undergoes mandatory free medical examination. Health certificates for the implementation of donor functions are issued free of charge to public health organizations.
According to the People's Health and Healthcare Code on the days of medical examination and donation of blood and its components, an employee who is a donor is released from work by the employer while maintaining an average salary. The donor, who performs the donor function, receives an additional one day of rest without compensation, with the preservation of the average wage. If the donor, in agreement with the employer, has started work, and he is provided at his request another day, or this day may be included in the annual work holiday.
If the donor is a serviceman, during the days of giving blood is released from carrying out orders, watches and other forms of service, and students and students are released from school.
The donor, who performs the donor function free of charge, receives a free meal or its monetary equivalent in the amount of 0.25 MCIs established by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan for replenishment of the volume of his blood and energy costs of the organism after giving blood.
In what cases the can refuse you in donation?
Therefore, we found out who can become a donor. In addition to these requirements, there are certain medical and social contraindications to donation.
Contraindications to donation (criterion of permanent withdrawal from donation)
- Infectious diseases: hepatitis B and C, HIV infection (AIDS),
syphilis, tuberculosis (all forms), tularemia, typhus,
leprosy, positive test for markers of
viral hepatitis B, C, HIV 1, 2, syphilis.
- Injecting drug users.
- Parasitic diseases: echinococcosis, toxoplasmosis,
trypanosomiasis, filariasis, rishta, leishmaniasis.
- Subacute transfusion spongiform encephalopathy (hereinafter -
STSE): Kourou, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Gerstmann Streusler syndrome, persons having a family history of
STSE , amyotrophic leukogressis.
- Persons who have a history of treatment with drugs of the human
pituitary gland, growth hormones.
- Cardiovascular diseases: Hypertensive disease
II-III degree; cardiac ischemia; atherosclerosis;
atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis; obliterating endarteritis;
nonspecific aortoarteriitis; recurrent thrombophlebitis;
endocarditis; myocarditis; heart defects (congenital and
acquired).
- Diseases of the respiratory system with signs of respiratory
insufficiency in the stage of decompensation.
- Chronic liver diseases (hepatitis, including
toxic and unclear etiology, cirrhosis of the liver).
- Kidney and urinary tract diseases in the stage of decompensation.
- Diseases of the endocrine system with irreversible violations of functions
and metabolism, diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent form).
- Organic diseases of the central nervous system.
- Diffuse connective tissue diseases.
- Radiation sickness.
- Diseases of the organs of vision: total blindness.
- Skin diseases: generalized psoriasis, vitiligo, deep
fungal infections.
- Diseases of the ENT (otolaryngological) organs: ozena,
chronic purulent-inflammatory diseases with severe
course.
- Malignant neoplasms and blood diseases.
- Postponed operations with removal of the limb; with the removal of the
parenchymal and / or hollow organ or part of the organ (liver,
kidney, lung, stomach).
- Osteomyelitis acute and chronic.
- Organ transplantation.
- Mental and behavioral disorders.
- Complete absence of hearing and speech.
- Persons with confirmed anaphylaxis in history.
- Autoimmune diseases with lesion of more than one organ.
- Established genetic diseases.
Criteria for temporary removal from blood donation
1. Factors of infection with blood-borne infections:
- Transfusion of blood and its components (exception - burn reconvalescent and persons immunized to the Rh factor) - 12 months.
- Surgical interventions, including abortions, appendectomy, cholecystectomy, reproductive system organs and outpatient surgery - 4 months.
- Getting allogenic blood on the mucous membrane or injection needle injection - 4 months.
- Introduction of allogeneic stem cells - 4 months.
- Corneal transplantation, dura mater - 4 months.
- Acupuncture, tattooing and piercing - 4 months.
- Household contact with patients with hepatitis B, C (established by the donor) - 6 months.
- Household contact with patients with hepatitis A (established with the words of the donor) - 35 days.
- Stay more than 4 months in tropical and subtropical climate countries, endemic for diseases with transfusion transmission (Asia, Africa, South and Central America) - after 4 months with a negative pre-test for malaria.
- Tooth extraction - 10 days, in the absence of complications (due to the risk of accidental bacteremia).
- People with risky behaviors - providing sexual services, keeping promiscuity - 4 months.
2. Past diseases and vaccinations:
- Malaria - 4 months from the time of complete clinical and laboratory recovery.
- Brucellosis (confirmed by laboratory methods of investigation) - 2 years from the moment of complete clinical and laboratory recovery.
- Typhoid fever - 1 year from the moment of complete clinical and laboratory recovery in the absence of severe functional disorders.
- Angina - 1 month after recovery.
- Influenza, acute respiratory viral infection - 2 weeks after recovery with satisfactory health.
- Infectious diseases that do not fall under the criteria of permanent withdrawals - 6 months from the moment of recovery.
- Acute and chronic inflammatory diseases in the stage of exacerbation regardless of localization - 1 month from the moment of recovery or cupping of acute period.
- Acute glomerulonephritis - 5 years after complete confirmed recovery.
- Allergic diseases in the phase of exacerbation - 2 months from the moment of arresting the acute period.
- Vegetative vascular dystonia - 1 month after treatment.
- Q-fever - 2 years from the moment of complete clinical recovery.
- Pregnancy, childbirth and lactation - 1 year after childbirth.
- Inoculations with killed vaccines (hepatitis B, whooping cough, paratyphoid, influenza, toxoids, tetanus, diphtheria and others) - 2 weeks.
- Vaccination with live vaccines (brucellosis, plague, tularemia, tuberculosis, measles, rubella, epidemic parotitis, live attenuated typhoid vaccine, live attenuated cholera vaccine, poliomyelitis and others) - 4 weeks
- Vaccination against rabies, tick-borne encephalitis - 1 year after contact with the source of infection.
- Mantoux reaction (in the absence of severe inflammatory phenomena at the injection site) - 2 weeks.
3. Therapist's withdrawal for reasons of general well-being and other factors:
- Alcohol intake - 48 hours.
- Reception of an antibiotic - 2 weeks after the end of admission.
- Reception analgesic, salicylates - 3 days after the end of admission.
- Pulse below 50 and above 100 beats per minute, arrhythmia - 48 hours.
- Systolic pressure is above 180 millimeters of mercury (hereinafter referred to as mmHg) or below 100 mm. gt; Art. - 48 hours.
- Diastolic pressure is higher than 100 mm. gt; Art. or less than 60 mm. gt; Art. - 48 hours.
- Body temperature above 380С - 2 weeks.
- Night shift work on the eve of the blood donation - 24 hours.
Benefits of blood donation
People who regularly donate blood carry a heart attack 10 times less often than those who do not give blood. With blood, you strengthen the cardiovascular system and include the function of self-renewal of the body.
