• If a school employee detects distinctive signs of fire (fire, smoke, specific odour), he/she needs to perform a number of actions:

•  immediately inform the fire department about an emergency situation, tell the address and school number, fire origin point, name and position;
•  activate the warning system;
•  involve other school staff to quickly take children to a safe area in accordance with the evacuation plan;
•  inform a school director about a fire;
•  meet firefighters, and if necessary, help in extinguishing a fire using manual firefighting means.

       The actions of each school employee in an emergency should be aimed at saving the lives of schoolchildren and suppressing the fire as quickly as possible.

• First of all, you should notify the emergency services and provide them with the most complete information: address, fire point, your personal data;

• Evacuate weak and disabled citizens, children and the elderly. People should be taken outside the building and in no case should one use the elevator.

• If the area of fire is small, try to localize the fire yourself using available means. You can use a container with water for extinguishing.

• If a liquid (oil, solvent) burns, extinguishing with water can only aggravate the situation, it is recommended to use any dense materials (for instance, felt).

• In the event you failed to prevent the fire propagation and your life is in danger, it is better to leave the premises as soon as possible by tightly closing the doors and windows.

• If there is no way available through the front door, go to the balcony, the door should be tightly closed behind you, if there is a fire escape, go down it. Descend using improvised ropes twisted from fabrics, various hoses and so on is not recommended, you can use such means only if absolutely necessary. 

These are the main actions in case of a fire that should be taken, and remember, in no case do not open windows in a room with a fire, the supply of fresh air will increase the intensity of the fire.

• If you smell smoke, take the following actions:

·   find out the fire origin (and what exactly is burning);

• try to extinguish the fire yourself using available means, call people for help if necessary;
• if the fire is serious, call the fire department;
• if cries for help are heard from a burning room and the door is closed, try open it;
• if a fire is in the corridor and it blocked the exit routes, you need to stay where you are and close a front door tightly;
• to prevent penetration of caustic combustion products to the apartment, close ventilation holes and doors with wet blankets (sheets) and use wet cloth for door frames;
• in no case should you use the elevator if a fire is in the entrance area.

First of all, when entering any unfamiliar building, you should try to remember your route, pay attention to the location of the main and emergency escape exits.  

• If you heard shouts: “Fire! We are on fire!” or have smelled smoke, saw a flame, try to remain calm and self-possessed. Assess the situation, make whether a danger is real, find out where it comes from. Calmly, without panic, leave the premises in the safest way. 
• Call the fire department.
• If you have to move in a crowd, calm down the alarmists, help those who are shackled by fear and cannot move, talk to them calmly, clearly, hold their arms. 
• Once in a crowd, bend your elbows and press them to your sides, clenching your fists. Lean your body back with your legs resting and try to control the pressure with your back, freeing up space in front and moving slowly.
• Do not enter the premises with a high concentration of smoke.
• Do not try to rescue yourself on higher floors or in remote premises.
• If, nevertheless, the situation develops in such a way that due to the increased concentration of smoke and intense heat you cannot leave the building, wait for the help of firefighters. 

Currently, in order to ensure the evacuation of people, as well as to inform them on the rules of behaviour in conditions of limited visibility (twilight, smoke, etc.) or complete darkness (emergency shutdown of lighting), buildings, ground and underground structures, transport facilities are equipped with photoluminescent evacuation systems (PES). These systems involve the use of orientation-sign elements using photoluminescent materials that have the effect of a long afterglow after their preliminary exposure, and do not need power supply

• If a fire is detected, immediately call 101 or 112.
• Notify all the colleagues around you about a fire.
• Try using major primary firefighting means to extinguish the fire. One of the major primary firefighting means is a fire extinguisher.  
• Instructions for using a fire extinguisher: break the seal, pull out the pin, direct the discharge nozzle  to the place of fire and press the lever. Keep the discharge nozzle at a safe distance when extinguishing.
• Each production building has a fire shield with firefighting tools to extinguish an incipient fire. It is necessary to know the location of the fire shield and the intended purpose of each tool. If you see that it is not possible to extinguish the fire, then leave the danger area. When the firefighters arrive, explain what is burning and where.
• Fire is ruthless, but those people who are prepared for this natural disaster and have even basic firefighting means at hand win the fight against fire. Correct fire handling will save your life!

• The life of an injured, especially if the burn is severe, depends on prompt and correct actions. Therefore, before the arrival of the ambulance, immediately begin to provide first aid. There are four degrees of burn:

1– flushed skin, swelling;

2 – blisters;

3 – a scab forms on the burned place;

4 – scorching of flesh.

In case of 1^st  and 2^nd  degree burns, the affected surface should be cooled with running water for 10 - 15 minutes, and then covered with a clean cloth. For 3^rd and 4^th degree burns, cover the burned surface with a clean, damp bandage. The longer first aid measures are not taken, the more serious a person's injury will be.

• Stop exposure to high temperature on a victim, extinguish the flame on his/her clothes, remove a victim from the affected area.
• Clarify the nature of burn (fire burn, burn caused by hot water, chemicals, etc.), as well as the area and depth. Wrap a victim in a clean sheet and urgently deliver to a medical unit.
• Carry out transport immobilization upon which the burned parts of the body should be in the maximum stretched position.

• In case of minor burns, the burned area can be placed under a stream of cold tap water for 10-15 minutes; in case of extensive burns, this should not be done.
• It is better to cut clothes in the places of the burn and put an aseptic bandage around the burn, while cotton wool should not be applied.
• If fingers are burnt, fix them using a bandage.
• Fix the burnt part of the body, it should be on top.
• When transporting a wounded person to a hospital, ensure his/her rest.

IT IS PROHIBITED TO:

- leave an injured person alone;

- apply ointment, cream, vegetable oil to the burned area, sprinkle it with powders;

- pierce blisters;

- remove the remnants of clothing from the burned surface;

- give food and water in case of oral cavity burn.

You can remove burnt pieces of clothes only if they are not stuck to the body. After waiting for the arrival of an ambulance, try to give a victim pain killers, if they are available.